Batik is one way of making fabric. Besides the batik can refer to two things. The first is the technique of coloring cloth using “malam” (wax) to prevent the staining portion of the cloth. In the international literature, this technique is known as a wax-resist dyeing. The second notion is the fabric or clothing made with these techniques, including the use of certain motifs that its uniqueness. Indonesian batik, as the overall engineering, technology, and development-related motives and culture, UNESCO has been designated as a Heritage for Humanity for the Oral and Intangible Cultural (Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity) since October 2, 2009.
Batik, according to Wikipedia comes from the Javanese word Amba (writing) and titik (also means “dot” in the Indonesian language). In addition there is also interpreted as writing or dotting. Indeed, dot is the dominant design in batik. At the National Museum we can see detail on drawing batik fabric on stone sculptures from the eighth century (eg sculpture sculptures from the temples of Prambanan) as well as in the sculptures from the 13th century (Singosari) and century 14 (Majapahit). Despite this first writing about batik in Java comes from recording the palace in central Java in the 16th century (Aspects of Indonesian Culture).
Basic techniques of batik (dye resistance pattern) according to the info comes from Egypt around 1500 years ago. At the National Museum of China there are also jars are made by trying to practice this batik techniques on ceramics. But the experiment seems to be more successful on the fabric in Java. From the name alone is unclear who raised the name of the place of origin of batik itself.
With the development of the cloth trade in Java, then go fabric from India in the years around 1800 and from Europe in the years around 1815. Because using higher quality fabrics, the increasingly rapid development of Java, batik and more famous.
Gittinger Mattiebelle researching the textile industry in Indonesia in his writings on the Arts of Asia (September-October 1980) states that use the basic technique that uses wax batik may have originated from China and India, but all the tools and the process of making batik is specific pembatikannya Java. Batik Canting is a tool of writing invented by the Javanese and shows a high versatility of our ancestors.
In fact, according Gittinger Dutch in the 17th century began to trade in batik and in the 19th century began producing batik textile factory which later to be trade to West Africa.
Unfortunately the results of high artistic value, according to experts, lack of government attention. Even a flatter Malaysian government on the development of awareness of batik Malaysia, citing the daily Jakarta Post that discussed the development of Indonesian batik comparison with the actual use of Malaysian workers from Indonesia. Lack of government attention on the development of batik was highlighted in 2005 due to patent it first Malaysian batik as it is written in the Republika daily . Indeed this patent matters according to the daily Kompas many do not know, and quite difficult to fight for the recognition of the cultural tradition of property rights. Malaysia attention on patents is higher, and their promotion of Malaysian batik is quite large, as seen on stamps of Malaysia.
Whereas batik actually contains a very high historical value. Parang Rusak batik for example, actually includes batik motifs used in sacred that only the court environment. Similarly, the color motif batik parang at home court can determine the users, whether from the Kraton of Solo or Jogja Kraton.
Besides bringing a symbolic meaning, observing the cultural richness of batik also showed uptake of Indonesia. National Museum we can see the difference between coastal batik influenced by Chinese culture, Islamic culture, as well as the influence of the Dutch occupation that was at that time also resulted in the Dutch batik (derived from the plant owned by the Dutch in Indonesia).
36 Responses to “Batik: Traditional Unique Patterns”
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